Cortland ball



(No M6151.) A

o. BALL. RETORT VAPORIZER.

1\I0.41:885 Patented oct. 2 9, 1889.

N. PETERS. PhuwLnhngmpher, wnmingnan, D. c.

f' V UNITED STATES i PATENTMVA @FFI-CE.

ooRTLAND BALL, or INDIANAPOLIS, iNnLANA.

RETORTVAPORIZER.`

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 41.3,'885, dated October 29, 1889.

' Application nea May 1s, 188e.

. arrangement, and combination of the severall parts, as hereinafter described and claimed. Theobj ect of my invention is the effectual,

safe,'and economical use of petroleum, either crude or refined, for heating and cooking stoves, or for any other purpose to which the devcemay be applicable.`

Arfurther object is V-to so construct the burner as to vaporize the oil and water, and then bring the vapor in contact with a suicient amount of heat under pressure to decompose and convert it into gas; also to provide a convenient means for conveying oil to the starting-pan and for lighting the same.

For domestic purposes perfect safety and economy are two requisites that are absolutely essential in a burner for consuming petroleum or any of its inflammable products. The former difficulty has been overcome by inventions patented heretofore, and so in that respect I do not claim any superiority for my burner over some that have preceded it.

I accomplish perfect combustion by a complete volatilizationfof the oil before it enters the diusing gas-chamber, from whence it passes immediately into the combustion-Q space, where it is burned without producing any smoke or soot; hence the full value of the oil is utilized. yThis result heretofore has not been attained; consequently much of the real value of the oil hasbeen lost by passing yoff in smoke and asticky oily soot which adheresvery tenaciously to the stove-lids and all cooking Vutensils with which it comes in contact. l v

In order that others may be able to make and use my improved burner, referencev will be made to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate 4corresponding parts in each figure.

Figure l is a perspective view of the 'appa ratus complete. Fig. 2 is a central verticallongitudinal section of the same; Fig. 3, a

serai 110.310,673. (No modem let lines, and the pan that holds the oil that is burned in starting-a fire.

Section A has vertical flues H H, and is divided into cellsf c c c2 c3 c4, which are made by thewalls of theviiues H I-I and the crosswalls a a on either side of section A. At each alternate end of these walls there is a passage between each wall and the side wall of section A.

The top plate of section B has no opening through it at H H', (see Fig. 2,) but in every other respect it is an exact duplicate of section A. By this slight difference in the construction of the two sections the iiues H H in section A are converted into the recesses H H in section B.

The gas-chamber of section C has funnelshaped air-inlets Z Z, the upper ends of which are on a level with the top of gaschamber, so that the air will radiate therefrom directly into the base of the flames. Y The pan J is formed by the annular ribs E E and the flanges E E,which extend above and around the top edge of section C. The gas passesfroln the gas-chamber into the combustionspace between sections A and C through the vent-holes D D D D. The sections A and C are held firm in their proper relation to each 'other by the post O, and that, with the pipes R and S, connected as they are with the several parts, holds each one to its place. It will of course be understood that suitable tanks or reservoirs may be placed in any locality or position found to be most convenient, and then connected to the pipesl? and P'.

The pipes P and F may be connected to theburner by entering the stove in front, at

Vthe side, or any other place considered suitathat the ventilation will be as good as it is,

possible to obtain.

ICO

In starting a fire the mode of procedure is: first open the valve V until a sufficient quantity of oil from the pipe F has run into the pan J. Then the oil is to be ignited, and very soon broad iiames from the burning oil will be ascending against section A, and to a certain extent will pass up through the iiues H and H, while a still greater volume, spreading 011 either side of section A'until it is completely enveloped by the dames, and the ilames still ascending, pass on, heating in a like manner section B. As soon as the retorts are hot, then the valve V is to be opened just enough to allow the oil from the pipe P to drip in very minute drops into cell C of retort A. The heat soon vaporizes the oil, and the vapor passes on from cell to cell,(iu the direction indicated by the arrows) into the ppevR, from whence it passes into and through the nal retort B, down through the pipe S, into the receiving-ditfusing gas chamber (as I call it) of .section C, from which it passes immediately through the ventholes lD D D D into the combustion-space between sections A and C, where it unites with the air `from the air-inlets Z Z, and combustion takes place.

'Itwll be found expedient at all times when `starting a Iire to let oil enough into the pan J so it will burn until gas generates from the oil that goes into the retort A and passes around into the combustiomspace and ignites. Very soon after this takes place the retorts A and B will become extremely hot. Then the `valve V should be turned to allow water from the water-pipe P to pass through into the retort A in just as small a quantity as it is possible to make it pass. It must be understood that retort A should be very hot before valve V is opened to let Water into it, because the intensity'of the heat required to vaporize water is much greater than for the petroleum. The water-pipe I and its connections may be discontinued at any time, that it may not be desirable to use the superheated vapor generatedfrom the water. rIhe cross-walls of the cells c c c2 c3 c4 become extremely hot, and the vapor, as it forms or generates, is forced by its own expansion in .a zigzag course through retort A, and the small quantity of oil and Water it may force before it will, by its coming in contact with these red-hot walls, become completely vaporized by the time it passes into the pipe R, and in this high degree of heat it enters the final retort B and passes through it in the same zigzag way that it did through retort A, and by its prolonged contact with so much eX- ,tremely-hot surface, under a Very high eX- pansive pressure, the vapor becomes decomposed and absolutely converted into gas, and in a complete gaseous state it passesfrom the retort B, down through the pipe S, into the gas-chamber of section C, from whence it 4passes into the combustion-space through the vent-holes mentioned heretofore. A much higher degree of heat is maintained in the retort B than can be sustained in retort A,

because the liquids entering retort A are in theirnormal state and have a tendency to lower the temperature, while the vapor that passes into retort B is very hot. The cont-inual dripping of the oil and water into re tort A will not reduce the temperature enough to retard the process of vaporizaton, but will keep it suficiently low so that there will be no deposit of carbon in the retort. The pressure of the gas from the gas-chamber will force the iames up through the flues H and H, and on each side of retort A broad flames will ascend, completely encompassing sections A and B and heating each very hot. The flames that pass up through lues H and H ascend into the recesses H and H of section B and are reflected back against the top of section A, heating it to an excessive degree.

It will be observed -that throughout the specification lI have made use of the-words retort, -'section, gas-chamber, receivingfdiising gas-chamber indiscriminately, but-.ingeach case I .Wishto haveitunderstood that I refertothe same part ,when using the same lettery or letters of .reference-aa for instance, retort A andsection A invariably meanthesame.

I am aware that hydrocarbon-burners have heretofore been used i-n which ames Vpass through lfunnel-shaped and also fplain cylindrical dues in a generating-retort; but I am not awarethat burnersvhave been used heretoforevith square lues passing through a generating-retort the lwallsof -whichare utilized in forming generatingfcells within the retort.

I am Valso aware that jets of air have been introduced into the flames through the bottom of the burner; but I am not aware, Ahowever, that a burner has been constructed heretofore in which, beneath the generatinbretort :a short distance, there is placed a gaschamber through which inverted -funnelshaped air-inlets pass, the .tops of which are on a level with the top of the gas-chamber, so that the air will radiate from the inletsdirectly into the base of the flames.

I do not claim as new the Aintroduction of air into the flames from beneath the burner, neither do ,I claim as new the dues passing through the generating-retort; but

VVhatI do claim'as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In apparatus for vaporizing andburning hydrocarbon oils, in combination withthe gaschamber C, having the burners constructed as described, the vaporizingretort A, arranged a short distance above the gas-,chamber and provided with the :iues H H for conducting the iiame and heat fromthe burners upward, with pipes for supplying oil and `Waterthereto, and with interior alternating partitions for prolonging the passage of vapor to itsexit,

the superheating-retort B, of. similar construc-l tion to retort A, arranged above said retort A and connected thereto by the Vpipe R for conducting thevapor to the superheater, and

IIO

connected with the gas-chamber by the pipe S, opposite pipe R, for conducting the gas to the gas-chamber and burners, substantially as andfor the purpose specified.

2. In apparatus for vaporizing and burning hydrocarbon oils, the vapor-generating retort A, provided with square iiues H and partition-Walls d a', and divided into vaporgenerating cells c c c2 c3 c, formed by the Walls of tlues H and the partitions, a retort B,

of similar construction to retort A, situatedV a short distance directly above it and connected to it by a pipe R, through which the vapor from retort A may pass into retort B, wherein the vapor is decomposed and converted into gas, and a burner located below retort A and connected to said decomposingretort B by pipe S, substantially as set forth.

3. In apparatus for vaporizing and burning hydrocarbon oils, in combination with a gas-chamber provided :with burners for consuming gas, a vapor-generating retort and a Vapor-decomposing retort of similar construc-v tion arranged a short distance apart, the fornier directly above the burners and the latter directly above the former, provided with alternating partitions, thus forming a series of cells'within them and connected together by a pipe through Which the vapor may pass to the decomposing-cells, the former retort connected with the supply-pipe opposite its exit and provided with ues for conducting the flame and heat to the decomposing-retort from the burners, and the latter retort connected by a pipe opposite its supply-inlet to the gas-chamber for supplying gas to the burners, substantially as set forth. v

ooRTLAND BALL.

Witnesses:

JNO. I-I. FAZEL, WENDELLMCLAUGHIJN. 

